RIEB Discussion Paper Series No.2024-26

Title

Why Do Europeans Save? Micro-Evidence from the Household Finance and Consumption Survey

Abstract

We analyze the saving motives of European households using micro-data from the Household Finance and Consumption Survey, which is conducted by the European Central Bank. We find that the rank ordering of saving motives differs greatly depending on what criterion is used to rank them. We find that the precautionary motive is the most important saving motive of European households when the proportion of households saving for each motive is used as the criterion to rank them but that the retirement motive is the most important saving motive of European households if the quantitative importance of each motive is taken into account. Moreover, the generosity of social safety nets seems to affect the importance of individual saving motives, with saving for the retirement motive being less important in countries with generous public pension benefits and saving for the precautionary motive being less important in countries with generous public health systems.

Keywords

Altruism model; Bequests; Household saving; Household wealth; Inter vivos transfers; Intergenerational transfers; Life-cycle hypothesis; Life-cycle saving; Precautionary saving; Public health; Public pensions; Retirement; Saving for retirement; Saving motives; Selfish life-cycle model

JEL Classification

D12, D14, D15, D64, E21, H55, I18

Inquiries

Charles Yuji HORIOKA
Center for Computational Social Science and Research Institute for Economics and Business Administration,
Kobe University
Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe
657-8501 Japan
Phone: +81-78-803-7036
FAX: +81-78-803-7059
Asian Growth Research Institute
Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University
National Bureau of Economic Research

Luigi VENTURA
Department of Economics and Law, Sapienza, University of Rome